Requirements for a Major or Minor in Music


Programs offered
• Majors leading to a Bachelor of Arts degree
– Major in Music: 34 credits plus 12 private instruction and ensemble credits
– Major in Music Education: 40 credits (instrumental degree) or 42 credits (vocal degree), plus 20 private instruction and ensemble credits, and 36 credits in education (instrumental degree) or 32 credits (vocal degree)
• Majors leading to a Bachelor of Music degree
– Major in Instrumental Music: 52 credits plus 36 private instruction and ensemble credits 
– Major in Piano: 52 credits plus 36 private instruction and ensemble credits
– Major in Voice: 50 credits plus 38 private instruction and ensemble credits
– Major in Theory/Composition: 56 credits plus 36 private instruction and ensemble credits
– Major in Music Education: 42 credits (instrumental degree) or 48 credits (vocal degree), plus 28 private instruction and ensemble credits, and 36 credits in education (instrumental degree) or 32 credits (vocal degree)
• Minor in Music to accompany other Bachelor of Arts majors at Concordia: 30 credits including private instruction and ensemble credits

Faculty
Robert J. Chabora, chair
Foster J. Beyers
Daniel F. Breedon
Foster J. Beyers
Jane Linde Capistran
René Clausen
Michael Coates
Joanne Cohen
Michael P. Culloton
Nathaniel H. Dickey
David P. Eyler
David C. Ferreira
Marla G. Fogderud
Nikolas M.W. Gruber
Peter J. Haberman
Julie K. Hagen
Peter D. Halverson
David L. Hamilton
Gregory R. Hamilton
Karen B. Hamilton
Kate Hamilton
Peggy E. Hammerling
Debora Harris
Jay A. Hershberger
Paul B. Hindemith
Rachel F. Horan
Edward J. Huttlin
Holly A. Janz
Peter G. Knudsvig
Steven Makela
Kyle L. McCallum
Amy K. Mercer
Jeffrey T. Meyer
Susan Nagel
Anne Jennifer Nash
Douglas Neill
Jennifer Peterson
Russell M. Peterson
Lisa Lee Sawyer
Barbara Schramm
Stephen Sulich
Lucy H. Thrasher
Karin L. Wakefield
Leigh G. Wakefield
Jessica L. Westgard
David M. Worth

The music department is accredited by the National Association of Schools of Music. The music department provides learning experiences that prepare students to achieve the following outcomes:
• the ability to hear, identify and work conceptually with the elements of music – rhythm, melody, harmony and structure
• an understanding of compositional processes, aesthetic properties of style and the ways these shape and are shaped by artistic and cultural forces
• an acquaintance with a wide selection of music literature, the principal eras, genres and cultural sources of both Western and world music
• the ability to develop and defend musical judgments
• the ability to perform in areas appropriate to the student’s needs and interests
• an understanding of procedures for realizing a variety of music styles

The department offers several programs that lead to either the Bachelor of Arts degree or the Bachelor of Music. Sample schedules for all of these programs, which can help students identify ways to make sure they meet all requirements within a four-year college career, are available from the music department. The music department is accredited by the National Association of Schools of Music.

Admission to the Music Programs
First-year and transfer students are admitted to any of the Bachelor of Music programs upon demonstrating sufficient ability and skill through a personal audition either during the admissions process or during the first year of residence at the college. Transfer students are required to take a placement examination to determine levels of aural ability and knowledge of music theory.

General Requirements for All Music Majors
All music majors are required to demonstrate a minimum level of piano proficiency. Piano proficiency requirements must be completed through proficiency exams (administered by piano faculty several times each semester). Preparation for proficiency exams may be accomplished through private studio instruction.

Students who major in music or who are candidates for the Bachelor of Music degree are required to attend 30 recitals or concerts during the academic year, including programs of Concordia’s Cultural Events Office, and faculty recitals. Failure to attend the required number of recitals will lower the final grade received in private instruction by one letter.

Student Learning Goals and Outcomes for All Music Majors
1. Acquire Fundamental Skills, Intellectual Capacities, and Knowledge
• hear, identify and work conceptually with the elements and organizational patterns of music – rhythm, melody, harmony and structure – through the following set of skills: aural skills (sight-singing, dictation and listening), composition, improvisation, analysis and keyboard
• develop technical skills requisite for artistic self-expression and the ability to read at sight with fluency (in one major performance area)
• learn, study, practice and rehearse skills necessary for the musician
• clearly express abstract musical ideas in both written and oral forms
• gain skills in collaborative music making
• become acquainted with a wide selection of world musical literature and cultures, and with the principal eras, genres and cultural sources within the Western tradition
• acquire a knowledge of fundamental musical ideas in the areas of theory, musical forms, instrumentation, literature, performance and technology
2. Apply Skills and Knowledge and Develop Intellectual Capacities
• apply critical and independent thinking through a variety of analytical means (harmonic, formal, stylistic)
• develop and defend musical judgments
• understand compositional processes, aesthetic properties of style, and the ways these shape and are shaped by artistic, historical and cultural forces
• refine interpretive skills (including expressive and aesthetic evaluation) in performance, directorship, and written and oral forms of communication
• independently prepare representative repertoire for performance
• understand the procedures for realizing a variety of musical styles
• perform a cross-section of musical repertoire
3. Connect Music and the Liberal Arts
• understand music as a way of knowing that has unique strengths and limitations as a means for comprehending the world and human experience
• recognize the connection between music and other disciplines and perspectives
• develop an integrated understanding of music as an art, science, and basic human activity, and of music’s relation to individual and cultural identity
• identify the varieties of music’s cultural/social meanings, uses and purposes, and its ability to transmit, reinforce and challenge cultural and personal values
4. Create Art and the Self
• understand and use music as a means of self-expression and self-reflection
• exhibit musical creativity in an intelligent and independent manner through composition, improvisation, arranging, interpretation and musical leadership
• combine capabilities in performance, analysis, composition and improvisation, and history and context through independent work on musical problems
5. Forge Habits of the Mind
• adopt and sustain a love of learning and a passion for change and growth
• promote excellence and nurture the desire to realize one’s potential
• establish the practice of sharing knowledge and teaching others
• cultivate a sense of calling as a musician

Bachelor of Arts Programs
Music programs leading to a Bachelor of Arts degree include the following:
• Major in music
• Major in Music Education
• Minor in music to accompany other Bachelor of Arts majors at Concordia

In addition to the courses listed below for each program, candidates for the Bachelor of Arts degree must complete the college’s Liberal Arts Core requirements (see Page 24).

Major in Music Leading to a Bachelor
of Arts Degree
The requirements for a major in music leading to a Bachelor of Arts degree are 34 credits in music plus private instruction and ensemble credits:
• MUS 111 – Materials of Music I, 2 credits
• MUS 112 – Materials of Music II, 2 credits
• MUS 128 – Aural Skills I, 2 credits
• MUS 211 – Materials of Music III, 2 credits
• MUS 212 – Materials of Music IV, 2 credits
• MUS 225 – Aural Skills II, 2 credits
• MUS 226 – Aural Skills III, 2 credits
• MUS 232 – History of Western Music, 4 credits
• MUS 361 – World Musics, 4 credits
• 4 credits from Contextual Studies courses
• 8 credits in music electives
• 8 credits in private instruction (eight 1-credit courses)
• 4 credits in ensemble (four 1-credit) courses; these courses are program requirements but do not apply to graduation credit.

It is suggested that students concentrate the elective courses within a single area – music theory and composition, music history and literature, conducting or pedagogy. Credits in private lesson instruction may not be used to fulfill the 8-credit requirement in music electives.

Major in Music Education Leading to a Bachelor
of Arts Degree
This major prepares students to be recommended by the Concordia College department of education for Minnesota licensure to teach music in grades K-12. To be eligible to complete this major, the student must be admitted to the teacher education program. (See education pages for program information, requirements and course descriptions.)

The requirements for a major in music education leading to a Bachelor of Arts degree are 40 credits (instrumental degree) or 42 credits (vocal degree) in music, plus 20 private instruction and ensemble credits and 36 credits in education (instrumental degree) or 32 credits (vocal degree):
• MUS 111 – Materials of Music I, 2 credits
• MUS 112 – Materials of Music II, 2 credits
• MUS 128 – Aural Skills I, 2 credits
• MUS 211 – Materials of Music III, 2 credits
• MUS 212 – Materials of Music IV, 2 credits
• MUS 225 – Aural Skills II, 2 credits
• MUS 226 – Aural Skills III, 2 credits
• MUS 232 – History of Western Music, 4 credits
• MUS 331 – Choral Literature, 2 credits (vocal degree only)
• MUS 361 – World Musics, 4 credits
• MUS 394 – String and Woodwind Techniques, 2 credits
• MUS 395 – Brass and Percussion Techniques, 2 credits
• MUS 425-426 – Choral Conducting I and II, 2 credits each OR
MUS 427-428 – Instrumental Conducting I and II, 2 credits each
• 8 credits from Contextual Studies courses including 2 courses from:
– MUS 308 – Contextual Studies I – Genre, 2 credits
– MUS 309 – Contextual Studies I – Period, 2 credits
– MUS 310 – Contextual Studies I – Topic, 2 credits
– and at least one of the following:
MUS 408 – Contextual Studies II – Genre, 4 credits
MUS 409 – Contextual Studies II – Period, 4 credits
MUS 410 – Contextual Studies II – Topic, 4 credits
• 2 credits from Creative Applications courses
• EDUC 391 – Methods of Teaching Vocal Music, 4 credits (required methods of teaching course)
• EDUC 392 – Methods of Teaching Instrumental Music, 4 credits (instrumentalists only) (required methods of teaching course)
• Successful completion of the K-12 required coursework (see Education: Curriculum In Secondary/K-12 Education)
In order to receive the endorsement of the music department, music education students must pass the piano proficiency exam prior to, or during the semester preceding student teaching.
• 12 credits of private instruction (12 1-credit courses). Instrumental music education majors must demonstrate competence in voice, usually accomplished through taking MUS 431 – Voice Class, which may count as one of the 1-credit courses required in private instruction. String education majors with violin or viola as their primary instrument are required to take one semester of private instruction on cello/bass. String education majors with cello or bass as their primary instrument are required to take one semester of private instruction on violin/viola. It is highly recommended that vocal music education students register for MUS 121 – English Diction, 1 credit.
• 8 credits in ensemble (eight 1-credit courses). Participation in an ensemble is required each semester of enrollment; these courses do not apply to graduation credit.
• one appearance each year in a general student recital or studio recital

Minor in Music to Accompany other Bachelor
of Arts Majors at Concordia
The requirements for a minor in music are 30 credits:
• MUS 111 – Materials of Music I, 2 credits
• MUS 112 – Materials of Music II, 2 credits
• MUS 128 – Aural Skills I, 2 credits
• MUS 232 – History of Western Music, 4 credits
• 10 credits in music electives. Music in private lesson instruction may not be used to fulfill the requirement in music electives.
• 6 credits of private instruction (six 1-credit courses)
• 4 credits in ensemble (four 1-credit courses); these courses do not count for graduation credit.

Bachelor of Music Programs
Music programs leading to a Bachelor of Music degree include the following:
• Major in instrumental music
• Major in piano
• Major in voice
• Major in theory/composition
• Major in Music Education
In addition to the courses listed for each program, candidates for the Bachelor of Music degrees must complete the college’s Core Curriculum requirements of First-Year Experience courses, and religion courses.

Major in Instrumental Music Leading to a Bachelor of Music Degree
The requirements for a major in instrumental music leading to a Bachelor of Music degree are 52 credits in music plus 36 private instruction and ensemble credits:
• MUS 111 – Materials of Music I, 2 credits
• MUS 112 – Materials of Music II, 2 credits
• MUS 128 – Aural Skills I, 2 credits
• MUS 211 – Materials of Music III, 2 credits
• MUS 212 – Materials of Music IV, 2 credits
• MUS 225 – Aural Skills II, 2 credits
• MUS 226 – Aural Skills III, 2 credits
• MUS 232 – History of Western Music, 4 credits
• MUS 343 – Orchestration, 2 credits
• MUS 361 – World Musics, 4 credits
• MUS 423 – Critical Analysis I, 2 credits
• MUS 424 – Critical Analysis II, 2 credits
• MUS 427 – Instrumental Conducting I, 2 credits
• MUS 482 – Senior Recital, 2 credits
• 8 credits from Contextual Studies courses including two courses from:
– MUS 308 – Contextual Studies I – Genre, 2 credits
– MUS 309 – Contextual Studies I – Period, 2 credits
– MUS 310 – Contextual Studies I – Topic, 2 credits
– and at least one of the following:
MUS 408 – Contextual Studies II – Genre, 4 credits
MUS 409 – Contextual Studies II – Period, 4 credits
MUS 410 – Contextual Studies II – Topic, 4 credits
• 2 credits from Creative Applications courses
• 10 credits from music elective courses
• 24 credits from non-music elective courses
• 28 credits of private instruction:
– 8 credits in the student’s major instrument at the 200-level (four 2-credit courses)
– 16 credits in the student’s major instrument at the 400-level (four 4-credit courses)
– 4 credits in the student’s minor instrument (four 1-credit courses)
• 8 credits in ensemble (eight 1-credit courses). Participation in an ensemble is required each semester of enrollment; these courses do not apply to graduation credit.
• Seven student recitals:
– one appearance each semester in a general student recital in the major instrument in the first and sophomore years
– a half-recital in the major instrument in the junior year
– a full senior recital in the major instrument
– one appearance in a general student recital or studio recital in the minor instrument

Major in Piano Leading to a
Bachelor of Music Degree
The requirements for a major in piano leading to a Bachelor of Music degree are 52 credits in music plus 36 credits in private instruction and ensemble courses:
• MUS 111 – Materials of Music I, 2 credits
• MUS 112 – Materials of Music II, 2 credits
• MUS 128 – Aural Skills I, 2 credits
• MUS 211 – Materials of Music III, 2 credits
• MUS 212 – Materials of Music IV, 2 credits
• MUS 225 – Aural Skills II, 2 credits
• MUS 226 – Aural Skills III, 2 credits
• MUS 232 – History of Western Music, 4 credits
• MUS 312 – Counterpoint, 2 credits
• MUS 343 – Orchestration, 2 credits
• MUS 361 – World Musics, 4 credits
• MUS 423 – Critical Analysis I, 2 credits
• MUS 424 – Critical Analysis II, 2 credits
• MUS 425 or MUS 427 – Instrumental or Choral Conducting I, 2 credits
• MUS 473 – Methods and Materials for Teaching Piano, 2 credits
• MUS 474 – Piano Repertoire, 2 credits
• MUS 482 – Senior Recital, 2 credits
• 8 credits from Contextual Studies courses including 2 courses from:
– MUS 308 – Contextual Studies I – Genre, 2 credits
– MUS 309 – Contextual Studies I – Period, 2 credits
– MUS 310 – Contextual Studies I – Topic, 2 credits
– and at least one of the following:
MUS 408 – Contextual Studies II – Genre, 4 credits
MUS 409 – Contextual Studies II – Period, 4 credits
MUS 410 – Contextual Studies II – Topic, 4 credits
• 2 credits from Creative Applications courses
• 4 credits from music elective courses
• 24 credits from non-music elective courses
• 28 credits of private instruction:
– 8 credits in the student’s major instrument at the 200-level (four 2-credit courses)
– 16 credits of private instruction in the major instrument at the 400-level (four 4-credit courses)
– 4 credits in the student’s minor instrument (four 1-credit courses)
• 8 credits in ensemble (eight 1-credit courses). Participation in an ensemble is required each semester of enrollment; these courses do not count for graduation credit.
• Seven student recitals:
– one appearance each semester in a general student recital in the major instrument in the first and sophomore years
– a half-recital in the major instrument in the junior year
– a full senior recital on the major instrument
– one appearance in a general student recital or studio recital in the minor instrument

Major in Voice Leading to a
Bachelor of Music Degree
The requirements for a major in voice leading to a Bachelor of Music degree are 50 credits in music plus 38 credits in private instruction and ensemble courses:
• MUS 111 – Materials of Music I, 2 credits
• MUS 112 – Materials of Music II, 2 credits
• MUS 121 – English Diction, 1 credit
• MUS 122 – Italian Diction, 1 credit
• MUS 123 – German Diction, 1 credit
• MUS 124 – French Diction, 1 credit
• MUS 128 – Aural Skills I, 2 credits
• MUS 211 – Materials of Music III, 2 credits
• MUS 212 – Materials of Music IV, 2 credits
• MUS 225 – Aural Skills II, 2 credits
• MUS 226 – Aural Skills III, 2 credits
• MUS 232 – History of Western Music, 4 credits
• MUS 361 – World Musics, 4 credits
• MUS 426 – Choral Conducting I, 2 credits
• MUS 429 – Voice Repertoire, 2 credits
• MUS 472 – Methods and Materials for Teaching Voice, 2 credits
• MUS 482 – Senior Recital, 2 credits
• 8 credits from Contextual Studies courses including 2 courses from:
– MUS 308 – Contextual Studies I – Genre, 2 credits
– MUS 309 – Contextual Studies I – Period, 2 credits
– MUS 310 – Contextual Studies I – Topic, 2 credits
– and at least one of the following:
MUS 408 – Contextual Studies II – Genre, 4 credits
MUS 409 – Contextual Studies II – Period, 4 credits
MUS 410 – Contextual Studies II – Topic, 4 credits
• 2 credits from Creative Applications courses
• 6 credits from music elective courses
• Proficiency in French at the level of FREN 112 – Introduction to the French-Speaking World II, 4 credits
• Proficiency in German at the level of GER 112 – Introduction to the German-Speaking World, 4 credits
• THR 127 – Elements of Acting, 4 credits
• 12 credits from non-music elective courses
• 30 credits in private instruction:
– MUS 261 – 8 credits of Private Voice Instruction (four 2-credit courses)
– MUS 461 – 16 credits of Private Voice Instruction (four 4-credit courses)
– MUS 266 – 6 credits of Private Instruction in Piano (six 1-credit courses)
• 8 credits in choir (eight 1-credit course). Participation in a choir ensemble is required each semester of enrollment; these courses do not count for graduation credit.
• Six student recitals:
– one appearance each semester in a general student, or studio class, recital in the major instrument in the first and sophomore years
– a half-recital in the major instrument in the junior year
– a full senior recital in the major instrument

Major in Theory/Composition Leading
to a Bachelor of Music Degree
The requirements for a major in theory/composition leading to a Bachelor of Music degree are 56 credits plus 36 private instruction and ensemble credits:
• MUS 111 – Materials of Music I, 2 credits
• MUS 112 – Materials of Music II, 2 credits
• MUS 128 – Aural Skills I, 2 credits
• MUS 211 – Materials of Music III, 2 credits
• MUS 212 – Materials of Music IV, 2 credits
• MUS 225 – Aural Skills II, 2 credits
• MUS 226 – Aural Skills III, 2 credits
• MUS 232 – History of Western Music, 4 credits
• MUS 312 – Counterpoint, 2 credits
• MUS 343 – Orchestration, 2 credits
• MUS 361 – World Musics, 4 credits
• MUS 423 – Critical Analysis I, 2 credits
• MUS 424 – Critical Analysis II, 2 credits
• MUS 426 – Choral Conducting I, 2 credits OR
MUS 427 – Instrumental Conducting I, 2 credits
• MUS 437 – Music Technology I, 2 credits
• MUS 438 – Music Technology II, 2 credits
• MUS 482 – Senior Recital, 2 credits
• 8 credits from Contextual Studies courses including 2 courses from:
– MUS 308 – Contextual Studies I – Genre, 2 credits
– MUS 309 – Contextual Studies I – Period, 2 credits
– MUS 310 – Contextual Studies I – Topic, 2 credits
– and at least one of the following:
MUS 408 – Contextual Studies II – Genre, 4 credits
MUS 409 – Contextual Studies II – Period, 4 credits
MUS 410 – Contextual Studies II – Topic, 4 credits
• 10 credits from music elective courses
• 20 credits from non-music elective courses
• 28 credits of private instruction:
– 20 credits of private instruction in composition
– 8 credits of private instruction in a minor instrument or voice
• 8 credits in ensemble (eight 1-credit courses). Participation in an ensemble is required each semester of enrollment; these courses do not apply to graduation credit.
• a senior composition recital

Major in Music Education Leading to a Bachelor
of Music Degree
This major prepares students to be recommended by the Concordia College department of education for Minnesota licensure to teach music in grades K-12. To be eligible to complete this major, the student must be admitted to the teacher education program. (See education pages for program information, requirements and course descriptions.)
The requirements for a major in music education leading to a Bachelor of Music degree are 42 credits (instrumental degree) or 48 credits (vocal degree) in music, plus 28 private instruction and ensemble credits, and 36 credits in education (instrumental degree) or 32 credits (vocal degree):
• MUS 111 – Materials of Music I, 2 credits
• MUS 112 – Materials of Music II, 2 credits
• MUS 121 – English Diction, 1 credit (vocal degree only)
• MUS 122 – Italian Diction, 1 credit (vocal degree only)
• MUS 123 – German Diction, 1 credit (vocal degree only)
• MUS 124 – French Diction, 1 credit (vocal degree only)
• MUS 128 – Aural Skills I, 2 credits
• MUS 211 – Materials of Music III, 2 credits
• MUS 212 – Materials of Music IV, 2 credits
• MUS 225 – Aural Skills II, 2 credits
• MUS 226 – Aural Skills III, 2 credits
• MUS 232 – History of Western Music, 4 credits
• MUS 331 – Choral Literature, 2 credits (vocal degree only)
• MUS 361 – World Musics, 4 credits
• MUS 394 – String and Woodwind Techniques, 2 credits
• MUS 395 – Brass and Percussion Techniques, 2 credits
• MUS 425-426 – Choral Conducting I and II, 2 credits each OR
MUS 427-428 – Instrumental Conducting I and II, 2 credits each
• MUS 482 – Senior Recital, 2 credits
• 8 credits from Contextual Studies courses including 2 courses from:
– MUS 308 – Contextual Studies I – Genre, 2 credits
– MUS 309 – Contextual Studies I – Period, 2 credits
– MUS 310 – Contextual Studies I – Topic, 2 credits
– and at least one of the following:
MUS 408 – Contextual Studies II – Genre, 4 credits
MUS 409 – Contextual Studies II – Period, 4 credits
MUS 410 – Contextual Studies II – Topic, 4 credits
• 2 credits from Creative Applications courses
• 12 credits from non-music elective courses (Bachelor of Music students whose primary instrument is piano are required to take MUS 473 – Methods and Materials for Teaching Piano and MUS 474 – Piano Literature in place of one credit of non-music electives.)
• EDUC 391 – Methods of Teaching Vocal Music, 4 credits (required methods of teaching course)
• EDUC 392 – Methods of Teaching Instrumental Music, 4 credits (instrumentalists only) (required methods of teaching course)
• Successful completion of the secondary/K-12 required coursework (see Education: Curriculum in Secondary/K-12 Education)
In order to receive the endorsement of the music department, music education students must pass the piano proficiency exam prior to, or during the semester preceding student teaching.
• 20 credits of private instruction
– 16 credits of private instruction in voice or the student’s major instrument (eight 2-credit courses)
– 4 credits of private instruction in a minor instrument (four 1-credit courses)

Instrumental music education majors must demonstrate competence in voice, usually accomplished through taking MUS 431 – Voice Class, which may count as one of the 1-credit courses required for a minor instrument. String education majors with violin or viola as their primary instrument are required to take one semester of private instruction on cello/bass. String education majors with cello or bass as their primary instrument are required to take one semester of private instruction on violin/viola. It is highly recommended that vocal music education students register for MUS 121 – English Diction, 1 credit.
• 8 credits in ensemble (eight 1-credit courses). Participation in an ensemble is required each semester of enrollment; these courses do not apply to graduation credit.
• Nine student recitals:
– one appearance each year in a general student recital or studio recital
– a full recital in the major instrument in the senior year (MUS 482 – Senior Recital, 2 credits)

Private Instruction
Private Instruction is available in all areas of voice, piano, organ, any band or orchestral instrument, or composition. Music lessons are adapted to the individual needs of the student. They are supplemented by work in the college musical organizations, by student recitals, by ensembles and by accompanying. Representative programs in private instruction in each area are available from the music department. Please see polices below governing all private instruction courses.

Private Instruction in the
Bachelor of Arts Program
In the Bachelor of Arts program, 1 credit is given for one half-hour lesson per week with one 55-minute practice period per day for one semester. Two credits are given for two lessons per week; students are expected to practice three hours daily. Private instruction is available in the following areas; please see policies below governing all private instruction courses.
• MUS 161 – Voice, 1 to 2 credits. E.
• MUS 163 – Brass, 1 to 2 credits. E.
• MUS 165 – Woodwinds, 1 to 2 credits. E.
• MUS 166 – Piano, 1 to 2 credits. E.
• MUS 167 – Strings, 1 to 2 credits. E.
• MUS 168 – Percussion, 1 to 2 credits. E.
• MUS 169 – Organ, 1 to 2 credits. E.

Private Instruction in the Bachelor
of Music Program
All students majoring in programs leading to the Bachelor of Music are required to take private instruction in a major instrument, voice or composition, and a minor instrument or voice. Students majoring in instrumental music should have adequate foundation in preliminary study of their major instrument.

Students take the 200-level courses in private instruction for 1 or 2 credits, according to the following guidelines:
• Major instrument or voice: 2 credits are given for each course to all first-year and sophomore majors in the Bachelor of Music programs, and to juniors and seniors majoring in music education or theory/composition, for private instruction in the student’s major instrument or voice. Students receive two half-hour lessons per week in their major instrument or voice and are expected to practice three hours daily.
• Minor instrument or voice: 1 credit is given to all majors for each course of private instruction in a student’s minor instrument or voice. One hour of daily practice and one half-hour lesson are required per week.
– MUS 261 – Voice, 1 to 2 credits. E.
– MUS 263 – Brass, 1 to 2 credits. E.
– MUS 264 – Composition, 1 to 2 credits. E.
– MUS 265 – Woodwinds, 1 to 2 credits. E.
– MUS 266 – Piano, 1 to 2 credits. E.
– MUS 267 – Strings, 1 to 2 credits. E.
– MUS 268 – Percussion, 1 to 2 credits. E.
– MUS 269 – Organ, 1 to 2 credits. E.
• Composition: MUS 264 – Composition may be taken as 1 credit starting in the freshman year, or 2 credits beginning in the sophomore year, such that 4 credits have been completed by the end of the sophomore year. At 1 credit, students receive one half-hour lesson per week and are expected to compose 60 minutes daily. At 2 credits, students receive one one-hour lesson per week and are expected to compose 120 minutes daily.

Juniors and seniors majoring in voice performance, instrumental music, or composition take the 400-level courses of private instruction in their respective area of focus. Students receive a weekly, one-hour lesson in their area of focus and are expected to practice or compose three hours daily. 4 credits are granted.
• MUS 461 – Voice, 4 credits. E.
• MUS 463 – Brass, 4 credits. E.
• MUS 464 – Composition, 4 credits. E.
• MUS 465 – Woodwinds, 4 credits. E.
• MUS 466 – Piano, 4 credits. E.
• MUS 467 – Strings, 4 credits. E.
• MUS 468 – Percussion, 4 credits. E.
• MUS 469 – Organ, 4 credits. E.

Private Instruction Policies
Registration for private music lessons is on a semester basis. At the end of each semester, each student registered for private instruction must perform for a panel of music faculty members. Note carefully these regulations regarding private instruction:
• Students entering not later than two weeks after the beginning of the semester must pay in full for private instruction.
• If lessons are discontinued during the semester, no refund is made after the fifth week of the semester.
• Only in the case of illness of more than two weeks’ duration are fees refunded for absences from lessons.
• Students are charged for lessons missed unless they notify the instructor a reasonable time in advance of an absence. Lessons missed on legal and special holidays and during organization tours are not made up.
• Students are permitted to change instructors with the consent of the department chair.
• Students registered in the department of music are not permitted to take private lessons for credit from instructors who are not faculty members of Concordia College.

Ensemble Courses
One credit per semester is granted to members of choir, band, orchestra and all other ensembles. Ensemble courses may not be applied toward fulfilling the requirements in private instruction for a major or minor. Participation in a music ensemble is required for majors and minors in music as follows:
• Bachelor of Arts majors (not music education) and minors must participate for two years.
• Bachelor of Music students and Bachelor of Arts teaching majors must participate each semester of enrollment.

Because participation in many ensembles is open to students who are not majors or minors in music, detailed descriptions of these organizations are included under Expanded Academic Opportunities on Page 26.
• MUS 174 – Männerchor (freshman men’s chorus), 1 credit. E.
• MUS 175 – Cantabile (freshman women’s chorus), 1 credit. E.
• MUS 176 – The Concordia Choir, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 177 – The Concordia Chapel Choir, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 179 – Vocal Jazz Ensemble, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 180 – Bel Canto, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 181 – The Concordia Band, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 182 – The Concordia Symphonic Band, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 183 – The Concordia Orchestra, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 183 – Concordia College Symphonia, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 184 – The Concordia College Jazz Ensemble, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 184 – Saxophone Quartet, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 185 – Brass Ensemble, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 186 – Woodwind Ensemble, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 186 – Woodwind Quintet, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 187 – String Ensemble, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 188 – Percussion Ensemble, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 189 – Lyric Opera Studio, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 190 – Piano Ensemble, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 191 – Handbell Choirs, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 192 – World Music Ensemble, 1 credit. E.
• MUS 193 – Marimba Choir, 1 credit. E